Design for Advertising

Brylcreem


Q: Write a Brief History of Brylcreem.
A: Made in 1928 by County Chemicals in Birmingham.

Q: What is the product?
A: Hair Product (pomade)

Q: What is the jingle they used?
A: Use more, only if you dare but watch out, the gals will pursue you, they'll love to put their fingers through your hair.

Q: Describe 2 adverts for Brylcreem.
A: Make men more appealing to women if they use Brylcreem and Women coming out of the tube so when men watch the advert they'll think that women will want them.

Q: Who was the target market then?
A: Adult men.

Q: Who is the target market now?
A: Young men.


History of Brylcreem


The first Brylcreem product was a pomade created in 1928 by County Chemicals at the Chemico Works in Bradford Street, Birmingham, England.



Brylcreem (pronounced brill-cream) is a brand name pomade, the precursor to today's hair gel. Created in 1929, Brylcreem was invented at the Chemico Works in Bradford Street, Birmingham, England. Brylcreem was the first mass-marketed men's hair care product. 


Its purpose is to keep combed hair in place. The shiny "wet" look it gave to the hair was de rigueur for men's hair styles for many years. Other substances, including petroleum jelly, were in use for this purpose earlier and made popular by such figures as Rudolph Valentino of silent movies fame. 
Brylcreem's use declined during the 1960s as men's hair fashions changed to favor "the dry look" over the "wet look".
The jingle "Brylcreem -- A Little Dab'll Do Ya!" introduced TV viewers to this greasy substance. Fred Flintsone's "Yabba Dabba Doo" comes directly from Brylcreem's famous motto.


Brylcreem is sold in a tube in the US, and a jar in Europe. The user is instructed to squeeze out a small amount, rub between the palms, apply evenly through the hair, and comb hair into place.
Brylcreem's ingredients are: water, mineral oil, beeswax, fragrance, calcium hydroxide, BHT, dimethyl oxazolidine, magnesium sulfate, and stearic acid.
Viewers of the sitcom Seinfeld will recall the bald character George mentioning in one episode that he still had Brylcreem in his medicine cabinet.


Brylcreem has seen a comeback beginning in the late 1990s thru today, as a new generation of men return to using pomades and creams. Part of this trend seems to be a desire to get away from the "helmet hair" that is typical with most gels. Most hair care manufacturers now offer a petrolatum, wax, or oil based hair product that leaves hair pliable yet offers control and a sleek look. This affords a man wide styling options: one can comb in a perfect DA like John Travolta in Grease, get the "bed-head" look, slick that short "Princeton" down, or put in that super straight part before heading off to that job interview. Brylcreem is a perfect choice for achieving today's hair styling options.



It was first advertised on TV by the jingle "Brylcreem — A Little Dab'll Do Ya!". Lyrics for the Brylcreem jingle:


Jingle

Bryl-creem, a little dab'll do ya,

Use more, only if you dare,

But watch out,

The gals will all pursue ya,--

They'll love to put their fingers through your hair.

A vintage Brylcreem ad

Bryl-creem, a little dab'll do ya,

Bryl-creem, you'll look so debonair.

Bryl-creem, the gals will all pursue ya,

They'll love to RUN their fingers through your hair.

Brylcreem Advert from 1950

Vintage Brylcreem package

Modern Brylcreem package

Vintage Poster Advert

Brylcreem Advert from 2011

Advertising Notes


Advertising means: Promoting a certain product and making it look good so people buy it.


Advertising can be done though:
Television
Newspaper
Billboards
Buses
Internet
Adshells
Bus Stops
Radio
Benches
Trains
Leaflets
Magazines
Planes
Trucks / Parked at the side of motor ways
Through businesses
Posters
Text messages
Phone calls


Notes on Adverts on YouTube


Coca-Cola - American footballer gets injured, kid gives him coca-cola, footballer smiles and throws him his shirt, kids happy and the footballer is happy. (Happiness if you drink cola)


McDonalds - Micheal Jordan and Larry Bird play basketball for a Big Mac, they start out taking easy shots and gradually get harder and more complex, neither player misses. This is showing the viewer how badly they want to win the Mcdonalds.


Sony - 250,000 coloured bouncy balls all going down a steep hill to music, i think this advert is powerful because its very clear and colourful. The advert is saying that the television its promoting has a very good quality screen and the most powerful colours.


The British Code of Advertising


Section C.II - Hair and Scalp products


No advertisement should contain any of the claims set out below
• the baldness can be prevented or its progress retarded
• that hair loss or thinning of the hair can be arrested or reversed
• that hair growth can be simulated or improved
• that hair roots can be fed or nourished
• that the hair itself can be strengthened or its health, as distinct from its appearance can be improved.


No Advertisement should contain any offer of a medicated product or treatment for any condition of the hair or scalp unless it is stated, either in the advertisement itself or in the directions for use supplied with the product, that any person suffering from the condition which the product or treatment is intended to allieviate should consult a doctor if the condition persists.


This is from ASA website

Who writes the rules?

The ASA is not responsible for writing the rules. The Advertising Codes are written by the advertising industry through the Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP) and the Broadcast Committee of Advertising Practice (BCAP). The members of these committees comprise the main industry bodies representing advertisers, agencies and media owners (including individual broadcasters).

BCAP is responsible for writing and maintaining The UK Code of Broadcast Advertising.

CAP is responsible for the rulebook The UK Code of Non-broadcast Advertising, Sales Promotions and Direct Marketing. Non-broadcast means ads in media such as cinema, press, posters and online.

What do the rules say?

The Advertising Codes contain wide-ranging rules designed to ensure that advertising does not mislead, harm or offend. Ads must also be socially responsible and prepared in line with the principles of fair competition. These broad principles apply regardless of the product being advertised.

In addition, the Advertising Codes contain specific rules for certain products and marketing techniques. These include rules for alcoholic drinks, health and beauty claims, children, medicines, financial products, environmental claims, gambling, direct marketing and prize promotions. These rules add an extra layer of consumer protection on top of consumer protection law and aim to ensure that UK advertising is responsible.

The ASA administers the rules in the spirit as well as the letter, making it almost impossible for advertisers to find loopholes or ‘get off on a technicality’. This common sense approach takes into account the nature of the product being advertised, the media used, and the audience being targeted.


Cost of Advertising



ITV can offer tailored advertising solutions to reach audiences across the UK.
With the advent of multi-channel television, not only do viewers have much more choice, but affordable solutions are also available to advertisers. You no longer need a £1m advertising budget to get your brand onto television. Did you know that you could launch a campaign on ITV for as little as £1,500?

Our dedicated teams are here to dispel the myth that television is an expensive and complicated medium. We now offer a highly flexible approach to meet individual clients’ needs and can help turn a creative concept with a relatively small budget into a commercial reality within a short space of time.


Harvey Nichols

The History Of Harvey Nichols

In 1813 Benjamin Harvey opened a linen shop in a terraced house on the corner of Knightsbridge and Sloane Street in London. The Business passed on to Harvey's daughter in 1820 on the understanding that she go into partnership with Colonel Nichols, selling Oriental carpets, silks, and luxury goods alongside the linens.


The existing Knightsbridge store, which was built by Higgs and Hill, was opened in 1880, with the rear section added in 1932.


In1919 Harvey Nichols was bought by Debenhams, and in 1985 became part of the Burton Group. In 1991, the store was acquired by Dickson Concepts an international retailer and distributor of branded luxury good based in Hong Kong and listed on the Hong Kong Exchange. In April 1996, Harvey Nichols obtained a full listing on the London Stock Exchange and for the next seven years, remained a listed company. 1996 also marks the year when Harvey Nichols opened their first store outside London.


In February 2003 Harvey Nichols returned to private ownership. The store is now owned by the Hong Kong based businessman Dickson Poon who has retail businesses in North America, Europe, Japan, China and Southeast Asia.








Harvey Nicks Logo Designs






Design 1

 Design 2

 Design 3

These are my three cosmetic style logos for Harvey Nicks, i chose the green because everything these days is about the environment and everybody becoming 'Green'.
Out of the three designs, Design one is my favourite because i think it looks the best and the colours work well together, also i like the font for the writing (Harvey Nichols) i believe that it looks fresh, modern and with the green leaf swirl gives it a natural feel, it gives it that edge over other cosmetics logo.




Billboard Design

My Harvey Nichols Bottle Design

This is my bottle design for Harvey Nicks Cosmetics i think the bottle itself is quite a nice shape and modern style, however the design and colours on the bottle are not what i wanted, if i could change the design on the bottle i would make the grey lighter and the green swirl bend around the whole bottle and lid.

Overall i would give this design a 6/10 as a lot of improvement could be made but i like the shape of the bottle as it is a unique shape and you don't see many cosmetic bottles look like this.

Harvey Nicks Advert

This advert is showing girls that have stopped out after a night out and showing them doing the 'walk of shame' the next morning, then Harvey Nicks tells you that you don't ever have to do the walk of shame again and shows a women who still looks really good even though she's only just getting home the next morning.


Evaluation


My research started by looking at a hair product called Brylcreem, i had a look at the history of it using wikipedia and found out that it is a pomade that was first used in the 1920's and became very popular.
Brylcreem was one of the first to advertise its hair products.
The adverts were trying to appeal to men by making them look more appealing to women.


In my research i used secondary source things like videos of the adverts off youtube, wikipedia and brylcreem's website.


My initial ideas show how i have layed out my designs with my logo. I found that simple and clean designs worked the best so that is what i decided to pursue.


I developed my ideas by trying different fonts and colours and moving things on my design after a few times of doing this i found a nice design on the internet like a swirl so i decided to create my own version of it and i think it paid off because it really fits in with the design, i then furthered my research and had a look at designs with swirls incorporated in them i found that colours were simple and dark and the swirl was usually bright and bold, so that is what i decided to use.




these are the samples i found:

I think that both these samples influenced my final design because i like the swirl in the debian logo but i think that in the profit invest logo the green looks good on the grey/white gradient background which i also used in my design.






I got to this final design by incorporating the debian and profit invest designs and moving things, trying different colours and trying different fonts i wanted a fresh, clean look to the final design and used a bold but thin typeface for "Harvey Nichols" and the same font just abit lighter and chose a light green for "cosmetics". 









The final design has an organic feel to it and i think that this would help sell the product because being 'green' is big at the moment and if the public know that this is organic and natural then i think it would sell better.

The bottle design was going to be used on the billboard but the 3d look of the bottle was not right due to technical issues with illustrator so i didn't use it.


To conclude, i am very happy with the billboard design and logo designs but if i could change anything it would be the bottle design as i believe that it is not up to the same standard as the logos if i had more time then i would have a see through bottle with a slim design and only the swirl on it so people could see the swirl and recognise the brand like with the 'Nike Swish' or the 'M' in McDonalds.

Tea Packaging

Research

I have collected these images because i liked the concepts and they looked well made and well thought through.

First Design

This is my first design i made, when i started designing this package i was looking for a traditional look to the package, after i finished this design i looked at it again and decided it was not good enough. I changed my mind to go for a modern look to the package instead of a traditional look.

I believe the choice was a very good one because looking back at this piece of work compared to the final designs, shows a difference in levels of sophistication.

Final Designs

These are my final designs for the tea packaging, i went for a modern feel with big chunky pictures so it grabs the attention of customers and the modern design may persuade the customer to buy the product.

The typography i used in these designs were:

AdvantageSmall - which gives the design a classy look to it (Tea on the Go).

Hand of Sean - This font gives the design a handwritten & personal feel to the design which helps because it makes people believe that there is a home-made touch to the product.

The black background is very effective on the designs, it gives the design a powerful but sophisticated look.

The photos used in these designs are colourful which contrasts with the bold dark background which makes the photos look strong, if i had more time i would of liked to recreate the photos myself instead of getting them off the internet.

Starbucks

he first Starbucks opened in Seattle, Washington, on March 30, 1971 by three partners: English teacher Jerry Baldwin, history teacher Zev Siegl, and writer Gordon Bowker. The three were inspired by entrepreneur Alfred Peet(whom they knew personally) to sell high-quality coffee beans and equipment.^[7] The name is taken from Moby-Dick; after Pequod was rejected by one of the co-founders, the company was named after the chief mate on the Pequod, Starbuck.

From 1971–1976, the first Starbucks was at 2000 Western Avenue; it then was relocated to 1912 Pike Place, where it remains to this day. During their first year of operation, they purchased green coffee beans from Peet's, then began buying directly from growers.

Entrepreneur Howard Schultz joined the company in 1982 as Director of Retail Operations and Marketing, and after a trip to Milan, advised that the company should sell coffee and espresso drinks as well as beans. Seattle had become home to a thriving countercultural coffeehouse scene since the opening of the Last Exit on Brooklyn in 1967, the owners rejected this idea, believing that getting into the beverage business would distract the company from its primary focus. To them, coffee was something to be prepared in the home, but they did give away free samples of pre-made drinks. Certain that there was money to be made selling pre-made drinks, Schultz started the Il Giornale coffee bar chain in April 1986. 

World Culture

Arts and Cultures

Africa

Humans first evolved in Africa, walking upright about five million years ago, and making the first tools about two and a half million years ago using the opposable thumb.

Long before contact with Europe, several African states, including ancient Egypt, Aksum, ancient Ghana, Mali, Songhoy, Ile Ife, and the Benin kingdom, became well known in different parts of the continent.

The centralised government systems of these kingdoms were based on the exclusive authority of the ruler, or king, whose power was often justified through religious ideology. They were the only ones who had the power to break social rules and to take human life and could delegate it to selected dignitaries. Contemporary art, both for the art market and for the indigenous market, thrives. Ancient skills in ceramics textiles metalwork and sculpture continue to flourish. The past century has seen the development of new art forms such as the printed cloth known as kanga in Eastern Africa, wax prints and fancy prints in Western and Central Africa. Recycling of manufactured goods – whether clothes, tyres, tins or weapons  provide an easy source of raw materials of endless variety.

Woven textiles and other fabrics are embedded in the culture of Africa. Often decorated with brilliant colours and intricate designs, they are available in almost every part of the continent. The designs and the slogans printed on them represent a subtle and complex form of communication.

Ancient Egypt

Towards the end of the fourth millennium BC several independent city-states were unified to form a single state, marking the beginning of over 3,000 years of pharaonic civilisation in the Nile Valley. Fertile earth left behind after the yearly Nile flood provided the basis for Egypt’s agricultural prosperity, a key factor in the longevity of the civilisation.

Impressive monuments were erected in the name of kings, from monumental temples for the gods to the pyramids marking the burials of rulers.

Texts preserved on papyrus help reveal the complex administration of the country, but also include magical, medical and mathematical works and poetry. Pottery vessels and a variety of tools and agricultural equipment hint at the day-to-day lives of ancient Egyptians.

At certain periods, Egypt’s empire extended over neighbouring areas, from Upper Nubia to the Euphrates river. But Egypt was also linked to other countries through trade, and many foreigners came to reside in Egypt, producing a cosmopolitan society.

Egypt did endure several periods of foreign domination, by Palestinian, Nubian, Persian, Greek and Roman rulers. Yet throughout, temples to the Egyptian gods continued to be built in the traditional style and aspects of Egyptian religion spread throughout the ancient world. 

By the fourth century AD, Christianity had become the dominant religion along the Nile, with Islam first introduced in the seventh century AD.

Ancient China

Ancient China includes the Neolithic period (10,000 -2,000 BC), the Shang dynasty (c. 1500-1050 BC) and the Zhou dynasty (1050-221 BC). The Xia dynasty, alleged to precede the Shang, is not fully documented so its existence is still speculative. Each age was distinct, but common to each period were grand burials for the elite from which a wealth of objects have been excavated.

The Neolithic Period, defined as the age before the use of metal, witnessed a transition from a nomadic existence to one of settled farming. People made different pottery and stone tools in their regional communities. Stone workers employed jade to make prestigious, beautifully polished versions of utilitarian stone tools, such as axes, and also to make implements with possible ceremonial or protective functions. The status of jade continues throughout Chinese history. Pottery also reached a high level with the introduction of the potter’s wheel.

The Shang dynasty was notable for casting bronze using ceramic moulds, a system that required advanced technology and control over labour. Bronze vessels enjoyed high status as ritual vessels to offer food and wine to the spirits of ancestors, whose veneration is a keystone of Chinese culture. Writing was first introduced in the Shang dynasty, cast in bronze or engraved in oracle bones used in divination.

The Zhou dynasty was long and divided into the Western Zhou (c. 1050 – 771 BC), with its capital to the west in Xi’an, and the Eastern Zhou (771—221 BC), with its capital to the east in Luoyang. This period witnessed economic expansion, political struggles, and courtly displays of sumptuous material goods.  This is the age when Confucius and Laozi promulgated philosophies (Confucianism and Daoism), which along with Buddhism (arrived in China by the first century AD) were known as the Three Teachings—the cornerstone of Chinese thought and culture.    

Imperial China

Imperial China is divided into two periods beginning with early imperial China that spans the Qin Dynasty (221–207 BC) through the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907) and later imperial China from the Song Dynasty (AD 960–1279) through the Qing Dynasty (AD 1644–1911).

Imperial Chinese history is marked by the rise and fall of many dynasties and occasional periods of disunity, but overall the age was remarkably stable and marked by a sophisticated governing system that included the concept of a meritocracy. Each dynasty had its own distinct characteristics and in many eras encounters with foreign cultural and political influences through territorial expansion and waves of immigration also brought new stimulus to China. China was a highly literate society that greatly valued poetry and brush-written calligraphy, which along with painting, were called the Three Perfections, reflecting the esteemed position of the arts in Chinese life.

Imperial China produced many technological advancements that have enriched the world, including paper and porcelain.

Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism were the dominant teachings or religions in Imperial China and most individuals combined all three in their daily lives. Each of these teachings is represented by paintings in the Museum, most notably by The Admonitions Scroll after Gu Kaizhi and the cache of Buddhist scroll paintings from the eighth to tenth century that had been rolled up and sealed away in the eleventh century in Cave 17 at Dunhuang’s Caves of the Thousand Buddhas. Ceramics were produced all over the country in vast numbers. In the Song dynasty, collectors prized those with green to blue glazes such as Ru wares above all others.

Ancient Rome

n legend Rome was founded in 753 BC by Romulus, its first king. In 509 BC Rome became a republic ruled by the Senate (wealthy landowners and elders) and the Roman people.  During the 450 years of the republic Rome conquered the rest of Italy and then expanded into France, Spain, Turkey, North Africa and Greece.

Rome became very Greek influenced or “Hellenised”, filled with Greek architecture, literature, statues, wall-paintings, mosaics, pottery and glass. But with Greek culture came Greek gold, and generals and senators fought over this new wealth. The Republic collapsed in civil war and the Roman empire began. 

Starting with Augustus in 27 BC, the emperors ruled for five hundred years. They expanded Rome’s territory and by about AD 200, their vast empire stretched from Syria to Spain and from Britain to Egypt. Networks of roads connected rich and vibrant cities, filled with beautiful public buildings. A shared Greco-Roman culture linked people, goods and ideas.

The Roman empire was so large that five departments of the British Museum hold art and artefacts from it. Prehistory and Europe holds material from Roman Britain, and the whole empire after the fourth century. Ancient Egypt and Sudan has evocative mummy portraits, while Middle East has stone portraits from the city of Palmyra. Coins and Medals holds an extensive collection of Roman coins. Greece and Rome holds material from Rome’s Mediterranean heartland, in particular from Italy, Greece, Turkey and Libya.


Roman Britain

In AD 43, Britain became a province of the Roman Empire when it was invaded by an army under the emperor Claudius. Its links with the Empire, however, had already been long established through trade, population movement and political alliances.

Nevertheless, there was understandably native resistance, notably by Boudicca. But by the 70s AD, much of the island was under Roman control.

Britannia, as it became known, covered the areas of modern England and Wales. Modern Scotland was never fully conquered. By the end of the second century AD, Hadrian’s Wall was the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire, whilst Ireland always remained outside. Roman rule finally came to an end in the early fifth century AD.

The British Museum collection includes thousands of objects that reflect these four centuries of Roman rule, and show how Roman and native culture became mixed. The Romans built towns and villas of stone, brick, tile, plaster and mosaics, and roads to link them. Latin became the official language, and the law, administrative system and currency of Rome were all introduced.

The range of imports increased, and settlers arrived from other Roman provinces in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Native religions and classical beliefs became interlinked. Other cults from the east were introduced, and Christianity became increasingly popular in the fourth century AD.


Modern Era

The modern era emerged from the profound changes caused by the industrial revolution. This began in England in the late eighteenth century where, in Birmingham, James Watt and Matthew Boulton invented the steam engine, the first source of power independent of human or animal exertion.

This was the first of many inventions and breakthroughs in metals, chemicals, medicine and communications, and of the discovery of new sources of power, including electricity, the internal combustion engine and eventually nuclear fission. This process continues with the advances in computers, satellite communication and the Internet, which are affecting all aspects of life.

These developments and the constant fall in the costs of production led to unprecedented prosperity, and made those countries in Europe and North America that pioneered the growth, immensely powerful. The competition that this caused between them led to a colonisation of much of the rest of the world by the late nineteenth century. In the twentieth century it resulted in two World Wars of appalling destructiveness.

Most of the European colonies gained their independence in the 1950s and 1960s, but the processes of closer international linkage and globalisation have continued.

As more and more countries have industrialised and accumulated wealth, and as agricultural and medical advances have resulted in huge increases in population, the ill effects on the climate and environment have become increasingly apparent. The success or failure in controlling these will define the next era in human history.

The late eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries are represented in the British Museum collection by a wide range of art, contemporary design, medals and other objects.

Mauri 

Traditional Maori Art

Art has always been an integral component of Maori culture. Traditional Maori art was created using the materials available at the time, such as wood, bone, pounamu (jade or greenstone), paua (abalone) shell, flax, and feathers. Today, a greater variety of materials are used, although many artists continue to use these traditional materials today.

The colours black, red and while feature strongly in Maori art. The colour red is a symbol ofmana (prestige, power, status) and is therefore often used in the decoration of important items such as the buildings and structures around a marae (courtyard where formal greetings and discussions take place) and waka (canoes).

Contemporary Maori Art

One of the most exciting aspects of contemporary Maori culture is art. New, highly talented Maori artists continue to join the ranks of the established names in the world of Maori art, and together they are forging an international reputation due the exceptional quality of their work.

Aotearoa

Aotearoa is the Maori name for the country of New Zealand. The literal translation of Aotearoa is "land of the long white cloud".

New Zealand has been inhabited by Maori since approximately 1300 AD. Dutch navigator Abel Tasman was the first European to discover New Zealand during his voyage of 1642–43, although he never set foot on the land. In 1769 the explorer James Cook arrived in New Zealand and claimed it for Great Britain, but it wasn't until the wasn't until the late 1700s that the first Europeans began to settle in New Zealand.

Ta Moko

Ta moko, often referred to as Maori tattoo, is the traditional permanent marking of the body and face by Maori. But ta moko is distinct from tattoo in that the skin is carved by uhi(chisels) instead of being punctured with needles. This leaves the skin with textured grooves, rather than the smooth surface of a normal tattoo.

Ta moko is a core component of Maori culture and an outward expression of commitment and respect. In the past two decades there has been a significant resurgence in the practice of ta moko as a sign of cultural identity. It is customary for men to wear moko on their faces, buttocks, thighs and arms, whereas women usually wear a moko on the chin and lips.

Ta moko is performed by a tohunga ta moko (tattoo expert) and the practice is considered atapu (sacred) ritual. The design of each moko is unique to the wearer and conveys information about the wearer, such as their genealogy, tribal affiliations, status, and achievements. It is important to distinguish moko from kiri tuhi, tattoos that are not regarded as having the cultural significance attributed to moko.

Tools Used for Ta Moko

Ta moko was traditionally performed using chisels made from materials such as Albatross bone. An assortment of chisels was used, some with a straight edge, others with a serrated edge.

Today most moko are performed using modern tattoo machines (and therefore leave the skin smooth), however in keeping with the traditional practice of ta moko, there has been a resurgent increase in the use of chisels.

History of Ta Moko

The history of ta moko revolves around a love affair between a young man, Mataoroa, and Niwareka, a princess of the underworld and daughter of a tohunga ta moko. Niwareka wanted to explore the world above and while she was there she met Mataoroa. Niwareka fell in love with Mataoroa and they were married. Knowledge of ta moko did not exist in the world above, therefore Mataoroa simply wore designs painted on his body, rather than being chiselled.

One day Mataoroa mistreated Niwareka, so she returned to her father in the underworld. Seeking her forgiveness, Mataoroa pursued his wife into the underworld, enduring many trials and obstacles to reach her. But when he finally found her, the paint on his face was smeared from the sweat of his exertion. Upon seeing this, Niwareka’s people, who had chiselled faces and permanent designs, laughed at him.

Ashamed of his appearance, Mataoroa asked his father-in-law to teach him the art of ta moko. Impressed with his commitment to ta moko, Niwareka eventually forgave her husband, and they both returned to the world above, with Mataoroa taking with him the knowledge of ta moko.

Maori Haka

A haka is a traditional Maori dance. Maori haka are performed for various reasons, such as celebrating an achievement, welcoming distinguished guests, or as a pre-battle challenge. Contrary to popular belief, a haka is not always a war dance, and may be performed by both men and women.

The haka attained international fame as a result of the pre-game haka performed by New Zealand national sports teams, particularly the All Blacks rugby team.

All Blacks Haka

The most well-known haka is Ka Mate, the ceremonial haka performed by the All Blacks. Ka Mate is thought to have been composed by Te Rauparaha, chief of the Ngati Toa tribe, in the early 1800s. The pre-match haka is a long-standing tradition of the All Blacks, dating back to 1884. The Ka Mate haka was first performed by the All Blacks in 1906 and was the predominant haka performed by the team for nearly a century. In 2005 the All Blacks introduced a new haka, Kapa o Pango, which was developed specifically for the team.

Maori Business

In tandem with the re-emergence of Maori culture has been an expansion of the Maori business sector. Traditional areas of business for Maori have been agriculture, forestry and fisheries, but diversification is now underway into other sectors such as horticulture, wine, energy, renewables, information technology and large-scale tourism.

The asset base of Maori businesses has been augmented in recent years with settlements from initial claims made by Maori iwi (tribes) under the Treaty of Waitangi, and these settlements are assisting Maori businesses in their diversification goals.